Italy - Republic: Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, Grand Officer’s set of Insignia, by E. Gardino, Rome, comprising Neck Badge, Star, and lapel rosette, in case of issue.
Italy - Republic: Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, Grand Officer’s set of Insignia, by E. Gardino, Rome, comprising neck badge, 76mm including tower suspension x 56mm, silver-gilt and enamel, unmarked; Star, 73mm, silver, silver-gilt, and enamel, maker’s cartouche to reverse, with neck riband and lapel rosette, in case of issue.
Condition: Nearly extremely fine, the case of issue with patches of green cover lost exposing bare card beneath, the result of the careless removal of adhesive labels.
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana) was founded as the senior order of knighthood by the second President of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi in 1951. The highest ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of literature, the arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers. The post-nominal letters for the order are OMRI
The order effectively replaced as national orders the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362), which the sovereign, as Grand Master, did not abdicate on the abolition of the monarchy and continues to award in exile as fons honorum. Today, these continue merely as dynastic orders of the former Royal House of Savoy. Whilst their bestowal is suppressed by law in Italy, the continued use of those decorations conferred prior to 1951 is permitted, exclusive of any right of precedence in official ceremonies.
The order is bestowed by decree of the President of the Italian Republic, as head of the orders of knighthood, on the recommendation of the President of the Council of Ministers. Except in exceptional circumstances, no one can be awarded for the first time a rank higher than Knight. The minimum age requirement is normally 35.
